8 Structure-activity relationships and antioxidant potential A phenolic molecule can demonstrate antioxidant activity through a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism, sequential proton loss electron transfer, single-electron transfer coupled with proton transfer (SET-PT), or by chelation with transition metals (TMC)
Another method, topical formulations, acts topically on the skin
GHK-Cus anti-inflammatory mechanism actually partially mitigates the hyperpigmentation risk compared to microneedling without the peptide, but that benefit requires conservative technique to realize
Free Radic Biol Med 194:8498 Chen L, Luo S, Tan H (2024) Penehyclidine hydrochloride improves rhabdomyolysis-mediated acute kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis through the HIF-1/MT1G axis
TGF, Transforming growth factor-beta