weight loss surgery vs glp-1 vs. Bariatric Surgery: 1- Surgery: 25-30% + TBWL for 10+ years GLP-1: 15-21% in trials, less in real-world 2- Metabolic Benefits: > GLP-1 3- Comorbidities: Greater resolution with 💉 GLP-1 medications or weight

Curr Nutr Rep 14(1):45 Demircan K, Jensen RC, Chillon TS, Jensen TK, Sun Q, Bonnema SJ et al (2023) Serum selenium, selenoprotein P, and glutathione peroxidase 3 during early and late pregnancy in association with gestational diabetes mellitus: prospective Odense child cohort

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Because administered doses were not identical across all arms, primary comparisons were performed using both as-dosed baseline-adjusted parameters and dose-normalized baseline-adjusted parameters (e.g., iAUC 024 per mg and C max per mg)

These entrants are leveraging strengths in peptide synthesis, low-cost biologics manufacturing, and regulatory agility to shorten development cycles and undercut price points, potentially halving or even reducing cost to one-tenth of current therapy levels