Similarly, the disparity in pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines further worsens organ damage and is involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy (
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Because the nasal route permits direct absorption into the bloodstream and, in certain situations, access to the brain through the nasal cavity, peptide nasal sprays can take effect rather quickly
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) 2024
There are several anionic molecules in the membrane of cancer cells, such as O-glycosylated mucins, heparin sulfate, phosphatidylserine, and sialylated gangliosides, which give them a net negative charge while normal mammalian cell membrane is zwitterionic (29) Increasing the content of sialic acid on the membrane leads to enhancing the surface concentration of acidic groups and thus changing the membrane charge (140)