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Wang, M., Firrman, J., Zhang, L., Arango-Argoty, G., Tomasula, P., Liu, L., Xiao, W., & Yam, K
Summary Definition History and exam Key diagnostic factors food or stress triggers urinary urgency urinary frequency urinary incontinence nocturia dysuria pelvic-floor pain dyspareunia worsening of symptoms before menses urethral pain bladder neck pain suprapubic pain levator ani pain pain after placement of Foley catheter Other diagnostic factors fibromyalgia vulvar vestibulitis vulvodynia features of systemic lupus erythematosus migraine features of rheumatoid arthritis features of chronic fatigue syndrome allergies sexual/domestic abuse scrotal or anal pain Risk factors age 20 to 60 years female sex positive family history sexual or domestic abuse white ethnicity Diagnostic tests 1st tests to order urinalysis with microscopy and culture vaginal wet prep voiding diary urine cytology Tests to consider cystoscopy with hydrodistention of bladder bladder biopsy Emerging tests stress protein gene assay urine antiproliferative factor urine nerve growth factor (NGF) Treatment algorithm nonulcerative interstitial cystitis ulcerative interstitial cystitis Contributors Authors Kenneth M
MT1 Australia
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In response to oxidative stress, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant enzymes are impaired in placenta, but not adipose tissue, of women with gestational diabetes
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