doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110051
Once in circulation, the amino acids are utilized by muscle tissue, the liver, and other organs to support metabolism, energy generation, and tissue regeneration
Metabolic factors influencing menstrual function during weight loss: Leptin levels: This adipocyte-derived hormone decreases with fat loss and plays a crucial role in reproductive function signaling Insulin sensitivity: Improved insulin sensitivity can normalize androgen levels, particularly beneficial in PCOS Inflammatory markers: Reduction in chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG): Levels typically increase with weight loss, affecting free hormone availability For women with obesity-related reproductive dysfunction, particularly those with PCOS, moderate and sustained weight loss often improves menstrual regularity over time
Mechanism, efficacy, and when to use each
Direct delivery into circulation allows the peptide to reach target tissues without the absorption loss associated with oral forms