Additional strategies to manage side effects: Eat smaller, more frequent meals rather than large portions Avoid high-fat, greasy, or spicy foods that may exacerbate nausea Stay well hydrated to prevent dehydration and potential kidney problems Eat slowly and stop when you feel comfortably full Consider ginger tea or other natural remedies for nausea (discuss with your pharmacist) When to seek medical advice: Contact your GP or healthcare provider if you experience: Severe, persistent vomiting that prevents adequate fluid intake Signs of dehydration (dark urine, dizziness, reduced urination) which may lead to acute kidney injury Severe abdominal pain , particularly if accompanied by vomiting (potential pancreatitis) Symptoms of hypoglycaemia if taking other diabetes medications Visual changes or eye symptoms , particularly if you have pre-existing diabetic retinopathy New or worsening mood changes , including thoughts of self-harm Persistent side effects that significantly affect your quality of life Rare but serious adverse effects include pancreatitis, gallbladder problems, and thyroid C-cell tumours (observed in animal studies, with uncertain relevance to humans)
Open communication with your healthcare team ensures safe, effective treatment while maintaining optimal hydration status throughout your therapeutic journey
Many patients say GLP-1 helps them experience less food noise. Essentially, they feel less hungry, think about food less, and generally feel better able to eat to live, not live to eat
The adiponectin gene is located on chromosome 3q26, a region highly susceptible to the development of metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research conducted on the Pima Indians of Arizona, a population with the highest known prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, has shown low adiponectin levels are associated with insulin resistance, whereas higher concentration of adiponectin helped protect against development of Type 2 diabetes. CNIs in addition to increasing insulin resistance, induces pancreatic beta cell apoptosis if administered in large doses., resulting in decreased insulin secretion. Thus CNIs, while effective in preventing organ rejection, disrupt glucose metabolism by increasing insulin resistance and reducing insulin secretion leading to abnormalities in the glucose homeostasis (Figure 1)
There are primarily two types of GLP-1 agonists, which are as follows: (1) Short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist: This class of agonists is identified by brief spikes in plasma drug concentrations following each injection, followed by sporadic intervals of very zero concentrations
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