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Since GSH is a critical cofactor for GPX4, this depletion directly impairs GPX4 activity, rendering airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages highly susceptible to ferroptosis following oxidative insults such as CS exposure ( 2.1.2 System Xc- (SLC7A11) The cystine/glutamate antiporter System Xc- is a key regulator of cellular redox balance and antioxidant defense ( - reinforces cellular defenses against oxidative damage, making it a key target for modulating ferroptosis in COPD

He Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Jiang W, Wilhelm S (2024) Understanding nanoparticle-liver interactions in nanomedicine

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