propionyl l carnitine testosterone The protective effect of L-carnitine on synthesis pathway, and spermatogenesis in monosodium glutamate-induced rats Swanson Sports Supplements Propionyl L-Carnitine

A small number of people, due to specific behaviors such as fasting, vegetarianism, strenuous exercise, pregnancy, or infants fed formula not fortified with carnitine, may experience L-carnitine deficiency

Although safe in moderation, potential carnitine side effects include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

Carnitine may also improve blood flow and oxygen supply to working muscles by increasing nitric oxide production, which supports both endurance and recovery

Peripheral neuropathy Antiretroviral-related peripheral neuropathy The use of certain antiretroviral agents (nucleoside analogs) has been associated with an increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy in HIV-positive individuals (77, 78)