SS-31 (Elamipretide) Description: A mitochondrial-targeting peptide that protects and repairs cellular energy systems, reduces oxidative stress, and improves energy levels
Approximately 40-50% of people are deficient in B12, with rates reaching 50% among those with hypothyroidism
In addition, if you're one of the millions of Americans taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) that suppress stomach acid for conditions like acid reflux, you're going to be prone to vitamin B12 deficiency
Theoretically, they operate through different mechanisms: semaglutide suppresses appetite and slows gastric emptying via GLP-1 receptors, while AOD 9604 acts on beta-3 adrenergic receptors on fat cells
Research suggests 5-Amino-1MQ supports fat loss without sacrificing muscle, improves mitochondrial function, and may reverse some metabolic effects of aging in cell and animal studies