Gestational zinc deficiency impairs humoral and cellular immune responses to hepatitis B vaccination in offspring mice
Seeds Office Hours Episode 091 William Seeds, MD Jun 3, 2026 GLP-1 and the GutMusculoskeletal Axis: A Clinical Summary The Overlooked Connection: Dysbiosis and Degenerative Disease Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), sarcopenia (SP), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), affect well over a billion people globally and share three core pathological features: chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulated cell death
Rodriguez KM, Pastuszak AW, Lipshultz LI
Etiology Pathoanatomy more consistent with "tendinosis" than true inflammation Often associated with other primary shoulder pathology subacromial impingement stenosis of bicipital groove rotator cuff tears Anatomy originates off supraglenoid tubercle and superior labrum stabilized within bicipital groove by transverse humeral ligament With persistent inflammation, the intra-articular portion of the biceps tendon can become hypertrophied, leading to incarceration within the joint during movement, especially elevation Presentation Symptoms pain tenderness with palpation over biceps groove "popeye" deformity Imaging Ultrasound can show thickened tendon within bicipital groove can show thickening and tenosynovitis of proximal biceps tendon Treatment Nonoperative NSAIDS, PT strengthening, and steroid injections Operative arthroscopic tenodesis vs
Prata C, Facchini C, Leoncini E, Lenzi M, Maraldi T, Angeloni C, et al
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