The peptide achieves this by enhancing tight junction formation between keratinocytes and stimulating the expression of aquaporins, specialized water channel proteins that regulate moisture distribution within the epidermis
In a Phase 2 clinical trial involving adults with obesity, participants receiving the highest dose achieved an average weight reduction approaching 24% at 48 weeks , among the largest weight losses reported with a medication
Macrophage-derived MMPs and proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-6, IL-12) further activate fibroblasts and pericytes, promoting ECM deposition (142)
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Phase 2 results (48 weeks): 1mg dose: 8.7% average weight loss 4mg dose: 17.1% average weight loss 8mg dose: 22.8% average weight loss 12mg dose: 24.2% average weight loss Placebo: 2.1% average weight loss These numbers came from a 48-week study period, six months shorter than the 72-week SURMOUNT trials