SNOMED 396331005, 34000006, 190753003) End-stage renal disease (ICD-10-CM N18.6 or SNOMED 46177005, 433146000) Eating disorder (ICD-10-CM F50* or SNOMED 72366004) Pregnancy (ICD-10-CM Z33* or O*) at any point from one year prior to index date through end of follow-up Cross-arm exclusions: Bariatric surgery patients with GLP-1 or other weight-loss medication within 2 years of surgery GLP-1 patients with any prior bariatric surgery or other weight-loss medication within 2 years of index date Other weight-loss medication patients with any prior bariatric surgery or GLP-1 use within 2 years of index date Exposures GLP-1, bariatric surgery, or other weight-loss medication Outcomes New diagnosis between 90 days and 15 months after index date of: Nutritional or iron-deficiency anemia: ICD-10-CM D50*D53*, E61.1, or SNOMED 35240004 or 66612000 Any vitamin deficiency: ICD-10-CM E54, E51*, E53*, E55*, E56*, or SNOMED 85670002 GLP-1 Medication order with simple generic name containing semaglutide, liraglutide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, lixisenatide, or exenatide Subcutaneous formulations only Persistence: at least 90 days of refill coverage from initial prescription Order modes: prescription or medication administration Bariatric surgery A procedure with CPT code 43644, 43645, 43659, 43770, 43771, 43772, 43773, 43774, 43775, 43845, 43846, 43847, 43848, 43886, 43887, 43888, 43842, or 43843, or ICD-10-PCS code 0DB6*, 0DV6*, 0D16*, or 0D19* Other weight-loss medication Order with one of the following pharmaceutical classes and not associated with any GLP-1: ANTI-OBESITY SEROTONIN 2C RECEPTOR AGONISTS, ANTI-OBESITY-OPIOID ANTAG-NOREPI,DOPAMINE RU INHIB, ANTI-OBESITY ANOREXIC AGENTS, or ANTI-OBESITY MELANOCORTIN 4 RECEPTOR AGONISTS Persistence: at least 90 days of refill coverage from initial prescription Face-to-face encounter An encounter of type Office Visit, Hospital Encounter, Emergency, Urgent Care, Walk-in, Telemedicine, Surgery, Procedure Visit, Infusion, Follow-up, Consult, Surgical Consult, Transplant Evaluation, Transplant Follow Up, Procedural Consult, Evaluation, Well Child, Postpartum Visit, Initial Prenatal, Routine Prenatal, Home Care Visit, Hospice F2F Visit, Hospital, Nursing Home, Multidisciplinary Visit, or Oncology Survivorship Stratifications Weight change from baseline to 15 months post-index, classified as: 2.5% or greater gain 2.4% gain to 2.4% loss (stable weight) 2.5% to 4.9% loss 5.0% to 9.9% loss 10.0% to 19.9% loss 20.0% to 29.9% loss 30.0% or greater loss Weight at the end of the observation window is the most recent weight measurement within 183 days of the observation date Model specifications Descriptive statistics
Referncias: Literatura do fornecedor
Furthermore, it even led to the disappearance of portions of the tumors following a 3-week therapy [140]
Safety Considerations and Side Effects of GLP-1 Agonists Whilst GLP-1 receptor agonists are generally well-tolerated, patients and prescribers must be aware of potential adverse effects and important safety considerations
Referencias: The public's use and views of GLP-1 drugs, KFF Health Tracking Poll, 2024 Anti-obesity drug market to reach USD 82.55 billion in 2031, exclusive report by coherent market insights, 2025 Why are we still in need for novel anti-obesity medications?, The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 2024 Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity, The New England Journal of Medicine, 2021 High protein intake stimulates postprandial GLP1 and PYY release, PubMed, 2013 Closing Americas fiber intake gap, PubMed, 2016 Recent achievements and future directions of anti-obesity medications, The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 2024 Resistant starch intake facilitates weight loss in humans by reshaping the gut microbiota, Nature Metabolism, 2024 GLP-1 Receptor agonists significantly impair taste function, Science Direct, 2025 Real-world insights into incretin-based therapy: Associations between changes in taste perception and appetite regulation in individuals with obesity and overweight: A cross-sectional study, National Library of Medicine, 2025 Las marcas y logotipos INGREDION, VITESSENCE y HOMECRAFT son marcas registradas del grupo de empresas Ingredion
