Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2024, 26(6): 2001-2016
Tier 1 (best tolerated): Chicken breast, turkey breast, white fish (cod, tilapia, halibut), egg whites, Greek yogurt, cottage cheese Tier 2 (well tolerated): Salmon, shrimp, lean ground turkey, tofu, tempeh, edamame Tier 3 (tolerated in moderation): Lean beef (sirloin, tenderloin), pork tenderloin, whole eggs, legumes The pattern is clear
The ongoing dedicated ophthalmic trial named as FOCUS study, which aims to evaluate semaglutides long-term effects on diabetic retinopathy, is now ongoing and could contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the true risk-benefit profile of these agents in patients with or at risk for diabetic retinopathy (NCT03811561) [104]
Avoid long-term daily use because it can mask dehydration or other GLP-1 side effects
GLP-1 agonists like semaglutide are introduced at a very low dose (to minimize side effects) and gradually increased over weeks