Oxidative RNA damage can impair protein translation, and damaged RNA can degrade prematurely, further impairs the synthesis of essential proteins ( Regarding mitochondrial dysfunction involved in AD pathophysiology, it includes disturbances in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and impaired energy metabolism as well as excess generation of ROS, altered mitochondrial biogenesis, transport and dynamics ( Autophagy Autophagy is an important pathway in removing abnormal protein aggregates in cells and plays an essential role in protein homeostasis ( Diagnostics and treatments of AD Due to severe cognitive impairment in patients with advanced AD, the cost of treatment and care seriously affects economic development ( Currently, there is only two classes of drugs approved for the treatment of AD: N-methyl D -aspartate (NMDA) antagonist (memantine), and cholinesterase inhibitors (tacrine, Donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine)
Amino acids form the building blocks of proteins in the body
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2107519
The RDA The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for riboflavin, revised in 1998, is based on the prevention of deficiency ( Table 1 )
IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-- and obesity-induced insulin resistance
