Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and abdominal discomfort are commonly discussed concerns with GLP-1 treatment
The sensation of nausea can range from mild discomfort to severe, impacting daily life and activities
Current evidence suggests these medications do not directly cause clinically significant bone loss, though the substantial weight reduction they produce may indirectly influence bone metabolism
While transdermal patch delivery systems are under investigation, all commercially available GLP-1 therapies require subcutaneous injection (semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, tirzepatide) or oral administration (Rybelsus)
Long-acting formulations, such as dulaglutide, liraglutide, and once-weekly exenatide, have consistently shown superior efficacy in reducing both fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels when compared to shorter-acting alternatives like twice-daily exenatide and lixisenatide (Htike et al