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CYP induction / Concurrent toxicants The liver is the main site of xenobiotic processing by CYP although since around 1986 it has become increasingly evident that many organs including the pancreas have the archaic, dormant but inducible machinery (16, 21)
L-DOPA can produce several adverse side effects, including: Arrhythmia Gastrointestinal discomfort (taking L-DOPA with low protein snacks may help avoid stomach upset) Breathing disturbances Hair loss Confusion Extreme emotional variability with prevalent anxiety Vivid dreams Hallucinations Impaired social behavior Sleepiness Excessive libido Compulsive behavior (ie, reckless gambling) L-DOPA-induced elevations in homocysteine , a potentially harmful amino-acid derivative, are another major concern for Parkinson's patients
While mtROS generation serves as a signaling cue for immune activation, excessive accumulation leads to oxidative stress, mtDNA damage, and mitochondrial permeability transition
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