The CDC states that an opened repeated-entry vial should be dated and discarded within 28 days unless the manufacturer states another period
McMahon GM, Hwang SJ, Tanner RM, Jacques PF, Selhub J, Muntner P, Fox CS
Gastrointestinal conditions Some gastrointestinal conditions may affect how vitamin B12 is digested or absorbed, such as: history of gastrointestinal surgery celiac disease Crohns disease pernicious anemia infections, such as from Helicobacter pylori bacteria or parasites pancreatic insufficiency or cancer bowel cancer folic acid deficiency small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Vitamin B12 injections may be more helpful for people with gastrointestinal conditions than oral products
Most people who follow a healthy diet and consume animal products get enough B12, but some people who follow a vegetarian or vegan diet may not get enough B12 from the foods they eat and might benefit from a vitamin B12 supplement
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