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For instance, studies in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mouse and rhesus monkey models have demonstrated reduced levels of BBB tight junction proteins (e.g., claudin-5, occludin) and increased BBB permeability

3.3 Antioxidant interventions for the preservation of ovarian tissue and oocyte in the context of in vitro fertilization Oxidative stress triggers apoptosis in granulosa cells, leading to the upregulation of pro-apoptotic factors and the downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins, ultimately causing ovarian tissue damage and follicular depletion (34)

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Estradiol (sensitive assay): Standard estradiol tests lack precision at male ranges

Elamipretide, a mitochondria-targeting peptide, emerges as a promising candidate in combating mitochondrial dysfunction-related disorders