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242 The vitamin D/VDR axis has been shown to suppress the overexpression of HIF-1 in colonic epithelial cells by regulating the NF-B pathway, thereby inhibiting the overexpression of inflammatory factors

Deficiencies in these nutrients are also implicated in cardiovascular disease risk

If experiencing severe gastrointestinal symptoms, maintain adequate hydration to prevent dehydration and potential acute kidney injury

This scenario applies more often in advanced type 2 diabetes where HbA1c targets remain unmet despite optimized single-agent dosing

As the effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 are glucose-dependent, the risk of hypoglycaemia with DPP4i is low