World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List, Section S2: Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances (growth hormone secretagogues)
This location is considered safer because it is positioned away from the sciatic nerve and major blood vessels
What is well-established: Kisspeptin is essential for normal reproductive hormone signaling Kisspeptin-10 and kisspeptin-54 can trigger LH release in clinical settings Kisspeptin-based ovulation triggering in IVF shows genuine clinical promise Kisspeptin dysregulation is measurably involved in PMOS and FHA pathophysiology What is still under investigation: Optimal dosing, timing, and delivery protocols outside IVF contexts Long-term safety data for ongoing or cyclical therapeutic use Clinical protocols for kisspeptin in anovulation management outside of assisted reproduction Whether exogenous kisspeptin-10 (the shorter fragment) produces equivalent clinical effects to kisspeptin-54 in fertility contexts As with many emerging peptide therapies, kisspeptin should be approached with informed expectations
Anis Irawan Anwar, MD, PhD, Prof
Katnik C, Guerrero WR, Pennypacker KR, Herrera Y, Cuevas J
