It exhibits immunomodulatory effects, potentially strengthening the bodys defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and inflammation, which are common in age-related decline
83, 84, 85 Recent studies have shown that the antioxidant effects of mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels may protect against diseases that are associated with oxidative stress 86 through mechanisms that decrease oxidative stress and increase NO levels
Quinn PJ, Boldyrev AA, Formazuyk VE
doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.01.086 110 FengLQianCZhaoY
Am J Hematol 96(4):E126 Darbari DS, Sheehan VA, Ballas SK (2020) The vaso-occlusive pain crisis in sickle cell disease: definition, pathophysiology, and management