Methylcobalamin helps maintain nerves, shields the myelin sheath, and stimulates the production of red blood cells
Without it, fatigue, mood changes, and even nerve problems can set in
Compared to placebo, B-vitamin supplementation in these older subjects also improved a measure of executive function, a secondary outcome of the trial (93)
CDC.gov states: Aspiration before injection of vaccines or toxoids (i.e., pulling back on the syringe plunger after needle insertion but before injection) is not necessary because no large blood vessels are present at the recommended injection sites, and a process that includes aspiration might be more painful for infants (ACIP Vaccine Administration Guidelines for Immunization | Recommendations | CDC, 2018)
The effect of vitamin B-12 supplementation on maternal plasma concentrations during pregnancy is shown in Figure 2