391 GLP-1 and GLP-1 analogs exert their effects on food intake and body weight through a myriad of neural substrates, encompassing several hypothalamic nuclei (including the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, periventricular hypothalamus, and lateral hypothalamic area), hindbrain nuclei (such as the parabrachial nucleus and medial nucleus tractus solitarius), the ventral subregion of the hippocampus (vHP), and nuclei embedded within the mesolimbic reward circuitry (including the ventral tegmental area, VTA, and nucleus accumbens, NAc)
UK regulatory guidance (MHRA, NICE, BNF) advises against GLP-1 use whilst breastfeeding owing to lack of robust human safety studies
Li P, Zhu L, Yang X, Li W, Sun X, Yi B, et al
Insurance coverage for weight loss drugs can be limited, leading to financial strain for patients seeking the benefits of these medications
NHS access began in specialist weight management services from June 2025 for the highest-need patients, with tirzepatide prescribing incorporated into the GP Quality and Outcomes Framework from April 2026
