Emerging evidence Luigi Barrea, Massimiliano Caprio, Mikiko Watanabe, Giuseppe Cammarata, Alessandra Feraco, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Ludovica Verde, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.2023
Hypothalamic Energy Homeostasis (ARCPVN Axis) Amylin receptor signaling in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus modulates neuropeptide Y (NPY), AgRP, POMC, and CART expression, intersecting with leptin and GLP-1 receptor signaling networks
Clinical Signs: The most common signs are lethargy, loss of appetite (anorexia), and dehydration
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF), prolactin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), testosterone, and thyroid hormones must also be optimized
Savage, D