I'm not medically trained
Melasma can affect all skin phototypes, however, it is more common in the middle (Fitzpatrick skin phototypes II, III, IV, and V) (Guarneri, 2014)
(b) Single small case series in knee pain A peer-reviewed article (Lee et al., Alternative Therapies in Health & Medicine , ~2021) describes: 12 patients with chronic knee pain Treated with intra-articular BPC-157, often combined with TB-500 7 of 12 reported symptom improvement lasting several months This study has major limitations: No control group No blinding No standardized outcomes (no KOOS, WOMAC, or imaging) Very small sample size Mixed interventions Conclusion: This study cannot demonstrate true benefit
See guidance from reputable medical sources such as Mayo Clinic and expert summaries like the one from the Cleveland Clinic that explain B12 injections are not a proven weight-loss therapy for people with normal levels
Oral NAD+ does not survive digestion intact