The absence of maternal pineal melatonin rhythm during pregnancy and lactation impairs offspring physical growth, neurodevelopment, and behavior
Under ER stress, partner GRP78 binds to unfolded protein, releasing the following three transmembrane receptors: inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1), protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6alpha, allowing their signaling pathways to be activated
It doesn't
10.1631/jzus.b1500015 Summary Keywords maternal smoking, autophagy, mitophagy, oxidative stress, gender difference Citation Chan YL, Saad S, Al-Odat I, Oliver BG, Pollock C, Jones NM and Chen H (2017) Maternal L-Carnitine Supplementation Improves Brain Health in Offspring from Cigarette Smoke Exposed Mothers
It may be different for each patient