However, the behavior can also seem nearly identical to the anxiety-related behaviors that are a hallmark of obsessive-compulsive disorder (another type of mental disorder)
On the other hand, the excessive activation of Nrf2/HO-1 disrupts the balance of iron ion metabolism, leading to ferroptosis [288, 289]
The roles of intracellular protein-degradation pathways in neurodegeneration
However, it has also been reported that the PPP flux decrease may be an early event in the pathogenesis of sporadic PD, because in the later stages of PD, PPP flux is up-regulated in an attempt to counteract persistent oxidative stress [117]
The advanced autoantibody panel, Neural Zoomer Plus , screens for immune reactivity to key neural targets, including myelin basic protein, NMDA receptors, gangliosides, synapsin, S100B, and blood-brain barrier proteins