Swedish Obese Subjects Study Scientific Group (2004) Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery
Slower Satiety Signals: Leptin (the Im full hormone) and cholecystokinin (CCK, released by fats and proteins) take longer to kick in without GLP-1s boost, making overeating easier
When patients attempt to exert themselves physically, cognitively, or even emotionally, their damaged, inefficient mitochondria simply cannot meet the sudden energy demand
Both produce antimicrobial compounds that inhibit sulfur-reducing bacteria, and both compete for the same ecological niche in the upper GI tract
Plaque rupture exposes pro-thrombotic material to the bloodstream, triggering the formation of blood clots that can occlude arteries and lead to acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke [74]