Importantly, the relationship between B12 deficiency and HbA1c is not straightforward
Research Dose Ranges Preclinical animal studies: 110 mcg/kg (nanogram to microgram range) once or twice daily Extrapolated human equivalent range commonly discussed in clinical literature: 200500 mcg/day Human pilot IV data: doses up to 20 mg were tolerated without adverse effects in two healthy adults (Lee & Burgess, 2025) though this is far above typical outpatient dosing Protocol: Musculoskeletal / Connective Tissue Healing For tendon, ligament, or muscle injury recovery, the standard approach in clinical functional medicine practice involves: SubQ injection at 200500 mcg once daily , injected near (not into) the injury site Cycle length: typically 48 weeks , with reassessment Often combined with TB-500 (thymosin beta-4) for synergistic tissue remodeling the BPC+TB stack Best results seen alongside physical therapy, not as a substitute for it Protocol: Gut and GI Mucosal Healing For IBD, gut permeability, NSAID damage, or H
Mitochondrial glutathione, a key survival antioxidant Franco, R., & Cidlowski, J
Methionine and choline both support liver function and help prevent fatty liver buildup
18 Prevention Because of potential interactions from prolonged medication use, physicians should consider screening patients for vitamin B 12 deficiency if they have been taking proton pump inhibitors or H 2 blockers for more than 12 months, or metformin for more than four months
