When nicotine constricts the blood supply in oral tissue, it can dull the early visual signals we rely on to detect disease, sometimes allowing pathology to develop before patients realise anything is wrong. Dr Sung Hee Cho , Riverside Oral Surgery Dental Tribune International spoke with oral and maxillofacial surgeons at Riverside Oral Surgery in the US state of New Jersey about the oral health implications of the use of new tobacco and nicotine products for diagnosis, patient communication and risk assessment
Four of the six locations were indoor locations (bathroom, locker room, classroom, and hallway), while the other two were outdoor locations (sports field and parking lot)
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol
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J Neurochem 148:499515 Zhang X, Salmeron BJ, Ross TJ, Geng X, Yang Y, Stein EA (2011) Factors underlying prefrontal and insula structural alterations in smokers