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Smoking during pregnancy makes it more likely that your baby will be born preterm, and that he or she will have a low birth weight

When you smoke, the chemicals in the smoke can damage your hair follicles

This is hard to do in a standard human clinical study where one compares patients with a history of smoking versus those who do not smoke because all of the patients have different histories, backgrounds, and patterns of exposure to the stimulus. The study was also authored by Mariko Hirano-Kobayashi, a past research fellow with Ingber at the Wyss Institute and Boston Childrens Hospital, Wyss research assistants Youngjae Choe and Thomas Ferrante, present and former Wyss senior staff scientists Rachelle Prantil-Braun and Anthony Bahinski, and James C

Meanwhile, external elements like witnessing drug use or enduring stress significantly contribute as well

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