The ROS is a single summary of the effect of smoking on the outcome, with higher positive ROSs corresponding to stronger and more consistent evidence and a higher average effect size of smoking and a negative ROS, suggesting that, based on the available evidence, there is no significant effect of smoking on the outcome after accounting for between-study heterogeneity
E-cigarette shops provide guaranteed quality and performance in products, compared to standard retailers
According to recent studies, vaping can be twice as effective at helping smokers give up tobacco than other alternatives such as nicotine patches or gum
Over time, this ugly cycle can cause considerable strain on the heart, increasing the chances of heart attack and stroke
In 1982, when I edited the Medical Journal of Australia (MJA) and produced the first theme issue on smoking at any medical journal, Prince Charles was the president of the British Medical Association and the patron of the MJA