Durect Corporation, Minneapolis, MN) at the dose of 450 ng/kg per minute for the duration of 4 weeks
A meta-analysis of three longitudinal studies from the UK has identified that ever e-cigarette users were six times more likely to take up tobacco smoking than never e-cigarette users, and there are similar findings from studies across Europe and North America 10,11
Human and animal studies have found that nicotine exposure from e-cigarettes during adolescence adversely affects cognitive development [30], and animal research suggests that it has more severe impacts on the most vulnerable parts of the brain
Making an informed choice between these two options is mainly about convenience, cost, and personal preference, not health benefits
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