In addition to containing varying levels of the addictive substance nicotine, they also contain other cancer-causing chemicals, such as formaldehyde, and as our study shows, flavoring chemicals that can cause lung damage, said study co-author David Christiani, Elkan Blout Professor of Environmental Genetics
Your decision to stop smoking reduces your chance of developing multiple lethal illnesses
While this may affect absolute estimates of the proportion who tried to quit, it should not affect changes over time (given the same limitation applies across the study period)
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Other tests might be needed if there's doubt about a diagnosis, if the condition hasn't gotten better with treatment or if there are other issues