Since 1 June 2025, it is illegal to sell or supply single-use disposable vapes anywhere in the UK, including online, under legislation passed in October 2024. This covers all disposables regardless of nicotine content
But the results were similar to FDA-approved nicotine patches
2.1 Data collection and measurement While synthesizing the qualitative data associated with OSH policies of six regions, the authors used nine themes: (1) OSH risk management regulatory framework, (2) the scope and general requirements, (3) pre-assessment evaluation, (4) hazard identification, (5) risk assessment methodology, (6) risk control, (7) communication and consultation, (8) documentation and record keeping, and (9) reviewing the risk assessment for qualitative comparative analysis of regional OSH policies
Summary Keywords occupational health and safety, policies, prescriptive, performance-based, risk management, HIRARC Citation Kathayat A, Baharudin MR, Lee WWS and Mohd Tohir MZ (2025) OSH risk management policies between North America and Southeast Asiaa comparative review
Sci Total Environ 472:947956
