smokeless tobacco is safer than smoking cigarettes cigarette claims raise questions Smokeless tobacco not safe alternative

Participants self-reported their cigarette and e-cigarette dependence at one, three and six months using validated measures of dependence, including a Penn State-developed questionnaire that ranges from 0 (not at all dependent) to 20 (highly dependent)

Combining a long-acting NRT (like a patch) with a short-acting NRT (like gum or lozenges) can be particularly effective

The risk for vaping among pregnant adolescents was highest among White pregnant adolescents as compared to all other races, who were at nearly three times the usage rate

The ideal BMI for getting pregnant is between 18.5 and 24.9

Emission rates were significantly higher for a single-coil versus a double-coil device, ranging from tens to thousands of nanograms of toxicants per milligram of e-liquid aerosol